Si Dieu n'existait pas ...
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... il faudrait
l'inventer (If God did not exist, he ought to be invented;
Voltaire 1768). It is an old saying, that God as an epistemological
concept was indispensable for the advent of complex human societies.
Hand in hand with this idea come doubts on the real existence of such a
'higher entity', that may have been just an invention of thoughtful
humans, to fill a blank to impart stability to vibrant communities
inclined to chaotic outbreaks.
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Just an invention? Do you notice a devaluating attitude associated
with the statement? As if the concept would lose its worth if it would
turn out as human invention and not as a solid fact. But the concept is
much older than our written history. It was subjected to continuous
change over the millenia. Its origins date back to first symbolic signs
engraved on stone and bone 70.000 years ago, and probably even further.
Shouldn't we, instead of dismissing them as 'just human', pay tribute
to these ideas and regard them as our honorable heritage?
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It
is no atheism to regard religion as human invention. If you fear to
lose your faith with this kind of conclusion, you probably did not
adhere to the right sort of faith. At least it reveals poor confidence
into the human race as a whole. Trust into values accrued over
thousands of generations comes quite close to religious belief, with or
without filling the blank with any name or title.
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Paying respect to our countless
predecessors should humble us in our own tiny role as single
individual. Our life acquires meaning only in the greater context,
exceding by far our modest lifespan. We can only submit to our
inconspicuous role in a huge mass of conspecifics, with individual aims
and desires of rather limited significance.
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In our
times of secularization, an ever increasing portion of us stops
attending religious ceremonies, with a few exceptions. Most of us still
attend from time to time interments. It still may happen that on such
occasions any variety of a simple statement is uttered ('We come from
dust. We end as dust'), just to remind the community of this evident
truth. All religions start with this reminder, as an impetus to rescale
the coordinates of our lives: Not the ego should be on center stage,
but the community.
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The 'right sort of faith' might
even exceed the community each of us is part of. As it would be
short-sighted to focus our efforts exclusively on our own ego, we would
miss our charge as human being by having just our own tribe in
mind. After letting go of downright egoism, this second step appears even
more challenging. Many actual religions still adhere to codices with
roots reaching deep into (and beyond) the last millenium. In their
eyes, adherents of other religions are 'non-believers' and no match for
their own evident superiority.
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Under these circumstances, religion - while originally invented to remind humans of
their limits as single individuals - is presently hardly of any
relevance in fostering peace during globalization. It may be hoped that
advancing secularization will sooner or later facilitate also this
second step.
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Will our future world, after successful
globalization and the end of all hostilities, be a world without
religions? Will completed secularization finally lead to their
disappearence?
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It will (hopefully) be a world without religions as we know them now.
But secularization is not directed against religions as such, but
intends to restrict them to a private affair.
Human culture needs incessant input by education and communication. The
natural inclination of all (and especially young) humans to seek this
input paves the way to highly developed manners. To respect all
fellowmen, wherever they are from, may become an indispensable part of
these manners, maybe even without explicit reference to any (private)
religion.
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Voltaire (1768) A l'auteur du traité 'Des trois imposteurs' (épitre) [réponse de Voltaire à un manifeste athée]
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